China’s Ethnic Policies in Xinjiang Uighur: Genocide, Ethnic Cleansing, or What?

By Brandon Henander Saturday, July 11 9:58 am EST

In light of this week’s racially motivated violence and unrest in China’s Xinjiang Uighur Province it may be helpful to reassess China’s ethnic policies in the Autonomous Region. They have been called everything from “genocide” to “stability promotion” but what they really happen to be lies somewhere in between. Since the 1950s the Chinese government has offered economic incentives to “Go West” into Xinjiang Uighur by subsidizing natural resource extraction and agriculture. This was done partly for economic development but also admittedly to stabilize the population by enticing Han Chinese migrants to the region which has historically sought independence from China (through various Turkestan movements) and is majority ethnic Uighur (approximately 90 percent in the 1940s to 45 percent today), a Turkic Muslim-majority ethnicity. In addition, the Chinese government has actively curtailed the religious and political rights of ethnic Uighurs. While this policy has the same aim as Apartheid policies - relinquishing an ethnic group’s social status - it attempts to do so in a way that is ’sanitary’, at least on paper.


So what do these policies constitute? First, it is important to note that they do not constitute genocide. Or, at least, not in the way it is defined in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court:


Article 6 Genocide


For the purpose of this Statute, “genocide” means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such:


Killing members of the group;


Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group;


Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part;


Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group;


Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.


Genocide consists of a concerted attempt to physically destroy an ethnic group as a whole. Under this strict definition even the events that occurred in Bosnia (outside of Srebrenica) would not constitute genocide. China is not targeting the Uighurs as a whole for physical destruction. Even if they do target some, and they do, it is not defined as genocide. This distinction is important because as terrible as it is for the gradual destruction of a culture through coercive means, a special category needs to exist for the immediate destruction of an ethnicity in order to provide an appropriate response mechanism at the international level. This is precisely why genocide is a prosecutable offence at the International Criminal Court and ethnic cleansing outside of genocide is not.


Do they constitute ethnic cleansing? While ethnic cleansing is not a defined international crime it is generally thought of the removal of an ethnic group from a geographic area through Genocide or forced migration. This is not occurring in Xinjiang either, at least not more so than in other areas of China some with Han majorities. What is occurring however is similar because while it is not forcing the Uighurs to migrate, it is effectively marginalizing them within their own geographic borders through economic and social force rather than physical violence. And though there is a semantic difference, it is hard to grasp a moral one.


China’s policies toward ethnic Uighurs escape the typical vernacular of international justice - namely genocide and ethnic cleansing. But that should not mean that the situation escapes the grave attention it deserves from the international community. Call it what you will; it is the witting destruction of an ethnic group, if gradual, and if relatively peaceful. As we have seen this past week those qualifiers do not hold up absolutely and will continue to be breached until more accommodating policies toward ethnic Uighurs are adopted by China.

Source: http://warcrimes.foreignpolicyblogs.com/2009/07/11/chinas-ethnic-policies-in-xinjiang-uighur-genocide-ethnic-cleansing-or-what/

Xitayning Milletler Siyasiti Heqqidiki Aq Tashliq Kitabi Heqqide
Muxbirimiz Mihriban
2009-09-28

Xitay merkizi hökümiti 27 - Séntebir küni "xitaydiki milletler siyasiti we milletlerning ortaq güllinishi we tereqqiyati" namliq aq tashliq kitabini élan qildi.


Süret, xitay merkizi hökümiti 27 - Séntebir küni élan qilghan "xitaydiki milletler siyasiti we milletlerning ortaq güllinishi we tereqqiyati" namliq aq tashliq kitabinining www.bbc.co.uk/zhongwen Diki körünüshi.


Xitayning milletler siyasiti heqqidiki bu kitabi xitay hökümitining mushu hepte ichide élan qilghan, xitayning milletler siyasiti heqqidiki 2 - Aq tashliq kitabi bolup, xitay hökümiti 21 - Séntebir küni "shinjangning tereqqiyati we ilgirlishi " namliq yene bir aq tashliq kitabini élan qilghan idi. Nöwette, xitay hökümitining xitayning dölet bayrimining 60 yilliqini xatirilesh harpisida özining milletler siyasitini xulasilighan yene bir aq tashliq kitabini élan qilishi xelqara jemiyet we metbuatlarning diqqitini qozghimaqta.


Tünügün xitayning hökümet terep axbarat organliri bu kitabni élan qilishi bilenla, b b s, amérika awazi, yawropa waqti géziti, fransiye agéntliqi, yaponiye qatarliq xelqara organliri arqa - Arqidin bu heqte xewer we xewer analizlirini berdi.


B b s xewer agéntliqi xitay élan qilghan "xitaydiki milletler siyasiti we milletlerning ortaq güllinishi we tereqqiyati" namliq aq tashliq kitab heqqide chüshenche bérip, "bu kitab xitay hökümitining xitaydiki milletler ittipaqliqi mesiliside saqliniwatqan ziddiyet we mesililerge bergen izahati" dédi.


Xitay bu nöwet élan qilghan milletler mesilisi heqqidiki aq tashliq kitabida, xitaydiki xitay bolmighan milletlerning tereqqiyatining asta bolushidiki seweb chüshendürülüp, xitayning bu 60 yildin buyan milletler siyasitide netije qazanghanliqini, emma xitayning 56 millettin terkip tapqan, bir milyard 300 milyon nopusqa ige téxi tereqqiy qiliwatqan chong dölet ikenlikini, xitaydiki bu xil alahide ehwalning xitayning tereqqiyatidiki tengpungsizliqni keltürüp chiqiriwatqan seweblerning biri ikenliki bayan qilinip, xitayda herqaysi milletlerning ortaq güllinishi üchün, yene bir mezgil kétidighanliqini, téximu köp ejir singdürüsh telep qilinidighanliqi bayan qilinghan.


Aq tashliq kitabta yene xitayning milletler siyasiti izahlinip, xitay hökümitining qanun, iqtisad, memuri qatarliq jehetlerde tedbir qollinip,t arixtin qélip qalghan milletlerge bolghan kemsitish hem milletler arisida shekillengen milliy sürkilishlerni yoqitip, herqandaq bir milletning kemsitilishi we ézilishige xitay qanunining yol qoymaydighanliqini, milletler ittipaqliqigha buzghunchiliq qilidighan hem milletler arisidiki bölünüshni keltürüp chiqiridighan herqandaq qilmishning qanunda cheklinidighanliqi bayan qilinghan. Mezkur aq tashliq kitabta döletning milletchilikke qarshi turidighanliqini, chong xenzuchiliqqa qarshi turush bilen birlikte yene, yerlik milletchilikkimu qarshi turidighanliqi tekitlengen.




Aq tashliq kitabta, xitaydiki milletler mesilisining xitayning özining ichki ishi ikenlikini, herqandaq sirtqi küchlerning " millet", "din", " kishilik hoquq" bayraqlirini kötürüp chiqip, xitayning milletler mesilisige arilishishini eyibleydighanliqini, dölet ichi we sirtidiki "térrorchi, milliy bölgünchi hem radikal küchler"ning xitayning zémin pütünlükige buzghunchiliq qilish heriketlirige qarshi turidighanliqi bayan qilinghan.


Aq tashliq kitabta yene, xitaydiki milletler ittipaqliqigha tesir yétidighan ziddiyet we mesililerge qarita, xitay hökümitining terbiye bérish, ziddiyetni yumshitish, mesile körülgen haman hel qilish usulini qollinip, mesilining kéngiyip kétishi hem ziddiyetning ötkürliship kétishining aldini alidighanliqi bayan qilinghan.


Bu aq tashliq kitabta, "dölet qanunning izzet - Abroyini qoghdaydu, xelqning menpeetini qoghdaydu, qanungha xilapliq qilmishlar körülgen haman, meyli qaysi millet, yaki qaysi dindikiler bolushidin qetiy nezer qanun boyiche chare körülidu" dep körsitildi.


Xitay hökümiti arqa - Arqidin élan qilghan bu ikki parche aq tashliq kitabida otturigha qoyulghan mezmunlargha qarita dunya uyghur qurultiyining bayanatchisi dilshat rishit b b s agéntliqi hem erkin asiya radio istansisigha bayanat bérip, xitay hökümitining "5 - Iyul ürümchi" weqesidin kéyin hem xitay kommunist hakimiyitining uyghur, tibet qatarliq milletlerning zéminini bésiwalghanliqining 60 yilliq harpisida bundaq bir kitabni élan qilishining, emeliyette xitay hökümitining bu 60 yildin buyanqi milliy siyasitining pütünley meghlup bolghanliqining namayendisi dep körsetti.


Chetellerdiki xitay démokratliridin " béyjing bahari" jurnilining bash muherriri, erkin asiya radio istansisining obzorchisi xu ping ependi ziyaritimizni qobul qilip, özining xitay hökümiti élan qilghan bu 2 parche aq tashliq kitabigha nisbeten qarishini bayan qilip ötti.


Xuping ependi, "xitay hökümiti bu nöwet élan qilghan milletler siyasiti heqqidiki aq tashliq kitabida, konkrét mesililer tilgha élinmighan, peqetla xitay kommunist hökümitining milletler siyasitide barawerlikni teshebbus qilidighanliqi otturigha qoyulup, milletler ittipaqliqigha buzghunchiliq qilidighan herqandaq küchke qattiq zerbe bérilidighanliqi tekitliniptu, bu 60 yildin buyan xitayda yüz bergen milletler mesilisige ait konkrét ishlar we weqeler heqqide toxtalmighan. Emma bu kitabning élan qilinishi emeliyette xitayning béshini aghritip kéliwatqan tibet mesilisi we uyghurlar mesilisige qaritilghanliqi éniq," deydu.


Xuping ependi sözide, dunya uyghur qurultiyi bayanatchisi dilshat rishit ependining "xitayning mushundaq bir peytte bu 2 parche aq tashliq kitabni élan qilishi, xitay hökümitining 60 yildin buyanqi milletler siyasitidiki meghlubiyetning ipadisi"dégen qarishigha pütünley qoshulidighanliqini bayan qilip mundaq dédi: "men elwette dilshat ependining qarishigha qoshulimen. Bultur tibette yüz bergen 'mart weqesi' hem bu yil yazda ürümchide yüz bergen '5 - Iyul ürümchi weqesi'ning özila xitay kommunist hökümitining bu 60 yildin buyanqi milletler siyasitining pütünley meghlup bolghanliqining ipadisi. Xitay kommunist hökümiti özining xitay bolmighan milletlerge qaratqan siyasitide ezeldin barawerlik siyasiti yürgüzgen emes, uyghurlar hem tibetlerge qarita üzlüksiz halda kemsitish, assimilyatsiye qilish we qattiq basturush siyasiti yürgüzüp keldi, shunga bulturqi 'tibet weqesi' we bu yilqi 'ürümchi weqesi' yüz berdi."


Xu ping ependi öz sözide yene xitay merkizi hökümiti tünügün 27 - Séntebir küni milletler mesilisi heqqidiki aq tashliq kitabni élan qilish bilen birla waqitta uyghur aptonom rayonluq xelq hökümitining 7 maddidin terkip tapqan " uyghur aptonom rayonning uchur alaqisi heqqidiki qarari" namliq qanun belgilimisini élan qilishining emeliyette xitay hökümitining puqralarning erkin haldiki uchur alaqisini boghush arqiliq, özining milliy siyasitidiki nuqsanlarni yoshurmaqchi boluwatqanliqini, bundaq qilishning xitaydiki milliy mesililerni hel qilish emes, belki milliy ziddiyetlerni téximu keskinleshtüriwétip, bundin kéyin téximu zor kölemlik milliy ziddiyetlerning kélip chiqishini keltürüp chiqiridighanliqini tekitlidi.


Xu ping ependi mundaq dédi: "xitay kommunist hökümitining milletler mesilisi heqqidiki aq tashliq kitabni élan qilish bilen birla waqitta intérnét we uchurni qamal qilidighan bundaq qanun belgilimisini chiqirishi, xitay hökümitining özining milliy siyasitide yüz bergen xataliqlarni tüzitish niyitining esla yoqlighini körsitidu. Xitay hökümiti bu qétim ürümchide yüz bergen weqeni qandaqtur chetellerdiki bölgünchi küchlerning qutratquluq qilishi bilen yüz bergen bir qétimliq zorawanliq herikiti dep izahlidi, hem az kem 3 aydin buyan uyghur aptonom rayonining cheteller bilen hetta xitay ölkiliri arisidiki normal haldiki téléfon alaqisi hem intérnét alaqisini uzup tashlidi. Xitay kommunist hökümiti esli puqralarning erkin pikir qilishigha yol qoysa bolatti, emma hazir mexsus qarar chiqirip xelqara kishilik hoquq qanunigha pütünley xilap halda puqralarning normal pikir bayan qilish erkinlikini boghuwatidu, aq tashliq kitab élan qilish arqiliq, özidiki xataliqlarni boynigha élish emes belki kélip chiqqan milliy toqunushlarning jawabkarliqi üchün qurbanliq qoy izdewatidu. Körünüp turuptiki xitay özining milliy siyasitini özgertmeydiken, puqralarning kishilik hoquq erkinlikini dawamliq chekleydiken, bundin kéyin uyghurlar hem tibetlerla emes belki xitaydiki bashqa milletlerningmu naraziliq heriketliri tekrar yüz bérishi, milliy ziddiyetlerge qoshulup bashqa ziddiyetmu köpiyishi mumkin. Axirqi hésabta xitay kommunist hökümiti weziyetni kontrol qilalmasliqi mumkin."


Xelqara axbarat wasitilirida közetküchilerning sözliri neqil élinip, xitay hökümiti gerche 10 künge yetmigen waqit ichide arqa - Arqidin 2 parche aq tashliq kitab élan qilip, özining milletler siyasitini izahlimaqchi bolghan bolsimu, lékin her ikkila kitabta xitaydiki milletler munasiwitige dair konkrét mesililerning otturigha qoyulmighanliqi, xitay hökümitining milletler arisidiki ziddiyetni hel qilishning yolini izdimestin mesilini chetellerdiki démokratik jemiyetler hem kishilik hoquq teshkilatlirigha artish arqiliq mesuliyettin özini qachuriwatqanliqi otturigha qoyulmaqta.

Menbe: http://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/tepsili_xewer/xitay-milletler-siyasiti-09282009194730.html/story_main?encoding=latin

Gérmaniye Bash Ménistiri Angela Mérkil Xanimdin Dunya Uyghur

Qurultiyigha  Xet Keldi

Muxbirimiz Ekrem

2009-09-29

9 - Ayning 27 - Küni gérmaniyide ötküzülgen omumi saylam bash ministér anjila mérkil xanimning ghelibige ériship, yene bir qétim gérmaniye fédéral jumhuriyitining bash ministiri bolghanliqini ispatlidi.

Anjila mérkil xanim bu qétimqi saylamda ghelibe qazinishtin ilgiri, uning bash ministirlik ishxanisi d u q bash shitabigha jawab mektubi yollighan bolup, 5 - Iyul qanliq qirghinchiliqigha nisbeten gérmaniye hökümitining pozitsiyisi ekis ettürülgen bu xet heqqide qurultay bash katipi dolqun eysa ependi bizge melumat berdi.


5 - Iyul qanliq qirghinchiliqi yüz bergendin kéyin, gherb démokratik elliri ichide xitayning uyghurlar üstidin élip barghan qanliq qirghinchiliqini toxtitishi heqqide tunji qétim ochuq bayanat élan qilghan dölet derijilik rehberning biri del gérmaniye bash ministiri anjila mérkil xanim bolup, u 6 - Iyul küni bergen bayanatida, xitay reisi xujintaw bilen italiyide chaqiriliwatqan g-8 Yighinida bu mesilini sözlishidighanliqini tekitligen idi.


Xujintawning g-8 Yighinigha qatnashmayla kétip qélishi, 5 - Iyul qanliq qirghinchiliqining g-8 Yighinida otturigha qoyulush pursitini yoq qilghan. Gérmaniye rehberliri ichide xitay bilen bolghan munasiwiti eng yirik hésablanghan bash ministir anjila mérkil xanimning namidin d u q gha mektup yollushi, uyghurlar mesilisining gérmaniyide tutqan ornini perez qilishqa yetküdek delil sanilidiken.

Mérkil xanimgha wekaliten ewetilgen bu xette, gérmaniye hökümitining 5 - Iyul qanliq qirghinchiliqigha hélimu köngül bölüwatqanliqini we bigunah tutqunlarning derhal qoyup bérilishi üchün, xitay hökümiti bilen bolghan söhbetliride bu mesilini tekitleydighanliqini hemde gérmaniye hökümitining weqege bolghan meydanini otturigha qoyidighanliqini eskertken.

Xette, mérkil xanimning 5 - Iyul qirghinchiliqida ölgen uyghurlargha teziye bildürüdighanliqimu qeyt qilinghan. Mérkil xanimning ishxanisidin kelgen bu xette yene, xitay hökümitining uyghurlar bilen bolghan toqunushlarni qanliq wasitilerge tayinip emes, belki dialog yoli bilen hel qilishi lazimliqi tilgha élinghan.

Xette yézilishiche, gérmaniye hökümiti 5 - Iyul qirghinchiliqi mesilisini yalghuz gérmaniye döliti süpiti bilen öz aldigha emes, belki yawropa birlikige eza barliq döletlerge qeder kéngeytip, yawrupa birliki ittipaqi namidin xitay bilen bolghan kishilik hoquq dialoglirida otturigha qoyidighanliqini tilgha alghan.

Mezkur xetning axirida, gérmaniye tashqi ishlar ministirlikining mérkil xanimni köpligen melumatlar bilen teminligenliki hemde d u q wekillirining gérmaniye tashqi ishlar ministirliki bilen élip barghan söhbetliridin özlirining xewiri barliqi eslitilgen.

Menbe: http://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/tepsili_xewer/merkel-xanimdin-jawap-09292009211920.html/story_main?encoding=latin

Yuqiridiki awaz ulinishidin, bu heqtiki melumatimizning tepsilatini anglaysiler.

3 Yashliq Qutluqjanning Pajielik Ölümi
Muxbirimiz Irade

2009-09-29

Cheteldin tughqan yoqlap ürümchige barghan bir uyghurning bizge bayan qilip bérishiche, 7 - Iyul künidiki xitaylarning zorawanliq weqeside 3 yashliq bir uyghur bala xitaylar teripidin chanap öltürüwétilgen.

Radiomiz anglighuchisi teminligen.

Radiomiz anglighuchisi teminligen bu süret, 2009 - Yili 7- Iyul küni, ürümchining xitaylar köp olturaqlashqan "yowyünsi" dégen rayonida bir top xitay lukchekliri teripidin wexshiylerche öltürüwétilgen 3 yashliq qutluqjanning weqedin kéyinki jesidining süriti.

Zorawan xitaylar teripidin wehshiylerche öltürüwétilgen bu 3 yashliq nareside balining ismi qutluqjan bolup, weqe küni kichik qutluq dadisi bilen "yowyünsi" dep atalghan may toshush shirkiti rayonida kétiwatqanda arqidin kelgen bir top xitaylarning hujumigha uchrighan iken.


Qollirida qingraq - Pichaq, toqmaq kötürüwalghan bu xitaylar ata - Bala ikkisining bashlirigha rasa urup, chanashqa bashlighan. Balining dadisimu tayaq zerbisidin balisini qoghdap qélishqa amal qilalmighan. Zorawan xitaylar 3 yashqa kirgen bu naresidining qollirini we boyunlirini chanighan. Mana mushundaq bir peyitte weqeni körgen bir top uyghurlar yügürüp kélip xitaylargha qarshiliq körsetken. Buning bilen balining dadisi qutulup qalghan. Emma 3 yashliq qutluq bolsa boyun we bilikidiki palta zerbisidin bextke qarshi jan üzgen.


Weten ziyaritidin qaytqan bu kishining bizge bayan qilip bérishiche, xitay dairiliri balining dadisigha özlirining balining qatilini choqum tépip béridighanliqini wede qilghan bolsimu, emma hazirghiche qatillar téxi qolgha élinmighan. Qutluqjanning jesitini dadisi qol téléfon arqiliq resimge tartiwalghan bolup, uning resimini qutluqjanning dadisi bizge xewer yetküzgen mezkur radio anglighuchimiz bilen paranglashqanda bergen iken.


Bu kishi 7 - Iyul küni öltürüwétilgen bundaq uyghurlarning intayin köplükini , emma xitayning bularning birinimu ashkarilimaywatqanliqini éytti.


5 - Iyul künidiki namayish heqqide türlük munaziriler dawamlashmaqta . Nurghun kishiler tinchliq bilen élip bérilghan bu namayishning hökümetning öz qoli bilen xaraktérini özgertip, buni namayishchi uyghurlarni basturudighan pursetke aylandurghanliqini déyishmekte.


Ürümchidiki melum bir saqchixanida ishleydighan melum bir qoralliq saqchining mezkur radio anglighuchimizgha éytip bergenlirimu buni ispatlap turmaqta. Bu saqchining uninggha éytishiche, u küni saqchi dairiliri namayish bolidighanliqidin alliqachan xewer tapqan bolup, hökümet dairiliri weqe küni uyghur saqchilargha puqrache kiyinip, namayishchilarning qatarigha kirip xitaylarni urup qalaymiqanchiliq chiqirishni buyruq qilghan iken.


Bu saqchining u kishige bayan qilip bérishiche, kechte ürümchining "changléyuen" dep atilidighan rayondiki toklar pütünley öchürülgendin kéyin, shu küni ölgen uyghurlarning jesiti köydürülüp, kömüwétilgen we etrap pütünley tüzlinip héchqandaq iz qaldurulmighan.


Yuqiriqi bayanlar chetelde yashaydighan, emma uruq - Tughqanlirining bixeterlikni nezerde tutup, özining ismini we turiwatqan dölitini ashkarilashni xalimighan, iyul aylirida ürümchide ziyarette bolghan bir neper uyghurning 5 - We 7 - Iyuldiki weqeler heqqide biwasite anglighanliri hem igiligen uchurliridin ibarettur.

Menbe: http://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/tepsili_xewer/qutluqjan-olumi-09292009211933.html/story_main?encoding=latin

Yuqiridiki awaz ulinishidin, bu heqtiki melumatimizning tepsilatini anglaysiler.

Xinjiang Authorities Continue Detentions, Announce Arrests Connected to July 5 Incident


Following the forceful police suppression of a demonstration held by Uyghurs in the far western region of Xinjiang on July 5 and outbreaks of violence starting that day, Xinjiang authorities have reported on continuing detentions and arrests in connection to events on July 5. Some reports from official media on people detained or arrested have been inconsistent, and a number of details remain unknown. The procuratorate initiated prosecution in a first group of cases in September. A court in Urumqi has begun preparing for trials and has selected adjudicators with "high proficiency in policy" to try upcoming cases.


Following the forceful police suppression of a demonstration by Uyghurs on July 5 in Urumqi, capital of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR), and outbreaks of violence starting that day, Chinese media continue to carry reports from XUAR officials on detentions and arrests in connection to events on July 5, as well as a first batch of cases to be prosecuted. Official Chinese media's English-language and Chinese-language services have differed in some cases in their coverage of the detentions and arrests, and some details about the detentions and arrests, including the total number of people in custody, remain unclear. Reports have used varying terms to describe the detentions. The formal term for "detention" that appears in the PRC Criminal Procedure Law (CPL) (English text, Chinese text) is juliu (also frequently rendered in reports more specifically as "criminal detention" (xingshi juliu), which distinguishes it from other formal types of detention, such as administrative detention). The term in the CPL for "arrest" (which requires procuratorate approval) is daibu. Media reports also have used imprecise and informal terms that do not suggest formal criminal detention for the initial act of taking someone into custody, including phrases like "capturing" (zhuahuo) or "catching" (zhuabu) someone. Such people taken into custody may later be placed under formal criminal detention.


Against the backdrop of a criminal law system in which authorities use criminal charges to cast free expression as a crime, a XUAR official stated authorities had held in custody people who were peaceful protesters, and official media reports suggest that some acts of peaceful protest or expression will be subject to formal criminal charges. (See below for details.) While acts of violence during the week of July 5 were reported to have been committed by both Uyghurs and Han, based on wording in the sources cited within this analysis, Chinese authorities appear to have focused on pursuing prosecution of alleged crimes committed on July 5--the day Uyghurs demonstrated and also when acts of violence were primarily reported to be committed by Uyghurs--without explicitly clarifying whether prosecution efforts will extend to criminal acts committed by Han in the days following July 5. An article from official media indicated that Han are among people reported to be formally arrested, but did not provide additional details. (See information below on the first group of arrests for details.) A court in Urumqi has begun preparing for trials and has selected adjudicators with "high proficiency in policy" to try upcoming cases.


The information on detentions, arrests, and trial preparations comes amid reports of steps taken by authorities in the XUAR and in Beijing to curb independent criminal defense activities. The Xinjiang Justice Department has said it will arrange counsel for the suspects, but has left many details unclear. See a related CECC analysis for more information.


Authorities Report Detentions and Arrests; Some Official Media Accounts Contain Discrepancies
Recent reports of detentions and arrests, as of September 11, and information on a first group of cases to be prosecuted, include:
The procuratorate has approved the arrests (pizhun daibu) of a total of 237 people in 139 cases, and public security officials also have sought approval to arrest 295 people involved in 175 cases, based on information in a September 11 English-language China Daily report and Chinese-language Xinhua report. The procuratorate has initiated prosecution of 51 people in 14 cases, according to the reports, which appears to clarify information reported the previous week (see below) on cases transferred for review for prosecution. Based on the reports, 956 cases in total have been filed for investigation.
The procuratorate has approved the arrests (pizhun daibu) of 196 people in 121 cases related to July 5, and 14 cases involving 51 people have been transferred by public security organs to the procuratorate for review for prosecution, according to the text of a September 4 Chinese-language Xinhua report citing the XUAR government information office. A September 4 English-language Xinhua report (via China.cn) states, in contrast to the Chinese-language report, that authorities have "prosecuted" the cases. (See Articles 136-149 of the Criminal Procedure Law for general information on reviewing cases and initiating prosecution.) Public security officials have sought approval to arrest an additional 239 people involved in 140 cases, and 825 people are being held in criminal detention (xingshi juliu), according to the reports. The numbers represent the second official statement on arrest figures, following information on a first group of arrests reported in August (see below). The September reports do not clarify whether the 196 arrests include the earlier numbers reported in August.
Authorities have approved arrests (pizhun daibu) of 83 people in connection to crimes on July 5, according to August 4 English-language and Chinese-language reports from Xinhua. The English-language article said the information was the first official announcement on arrests from Urumqi authorities. The article reported that XUAR procurator Otkur Abduraxman "said those arrested will face charges including murder, intentional injury, arson and robbery." According to the Chinese-language report, however, those arrested are also suspected of "destroying vehicles, gathering crowds to disrupt social order, picking quarrels and making trouble, and inciting ethnic hatred and discrimination," in addition to the crimes listed in the English-language report. The Chinese-language report noted those arrested included both Uyghurs and Han. According to a July 18 report from the Legal Daily, citing a XUAR Party official, suspects' alleged crimes fall into five categories, including endangering state security, and include over 20 suspected crimes, including splittism and armed rebellion.
Following the report of the 83 arrests, an August 23 English-language report from the China Daily (via People's Daily) said over 200 people had been formally arrested and that trials would begin that week, appearing to cite an unnamed Urumqi procuratorate official as the source of the information. The report said charges included splittism and inciting splittism. Hou Hanmin, a spokesperson for the XUAR government called the China Daily report "totally untrue" in an August 25 Global Times report, and another XUAR government official also denied the report, according to an August 25 New York Times report.
The head of the Urumqi Public Security Bureau reported that 718 suspects had been placed under criminal detention (xingshi juliu) as of August 4, according to a Chinese-language report that day from Xinhua. See also a report of the detentions in an August 4 English-language Xinhua report. A PRC official later reiterated to the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination that 718 remained in detention and that those who "committed minor offences have been dealt with leniently and released," according to an August 10 Agence France-Presse report (via Yahoo). It is unclear, however, if all other people earlier held in connection to July 5 were outside of some form of custody or oversight as of that date, especially in light of comments from XUAR government chairperson Nur Bekri (below) indicating that some peaceful protesters may remain in a form of unofficial custody or under surveillance. According to an August 6 Xinhua report (via China Daily), "Authorities also admitted that some of the detained suspects in connection with the riot have been released as their offences were minor. But they didn't provide the exact number of those who were released."
According to August 2 English-language and Chinese-language Xinhua reports, public security officers said they had detained (zhuahuo) 319 people in addition to 253 detentions reported earlier. The detentions (zhuahuo) of 253 "prime suspects" were reported in a July 29 Chinese-language Xinhua report, which also noted that a batch of suspects turned themselves in. A July 29 English-language Xinhua report on the detentions said they were "in addition to the more than 1,000 suspects detained by July 6."


Xinhua reported in a July 10 Chinese-language article that authorities detained (zhuahuo) 190 people in a series of four operations on July 9 and July 10, in connection to events on July 5. This news appears to have been unreported in official English-language media.
Xinhua's English-language service reported on July 7 that authorities had "arrested" 1,434 people--1,379 men and 55 women--in connection to events on July 5. The use of the term "arrests" appears to be an incorrect reference to the initial detention of these individuals. (Formal arrests (daibu) of over 1,400 people two days after alleged criminal activity would be unlikely given the usual progression of the criminal process, including the requirement under the CPL that the procuratorate approve all arrests. This terminology is also inconsistent with Chinese reporting. See, e.g., a July 7 Xinhua article (via Nanfang Daily), noting that police had "caught" (zhuabu) 1,434 people.) Some of the detainees "might be released if no serious criminal records were found," according to a paraphrasing of Urumqi Party Secretary Li Zhi's remarks in the English-language article.
XUAR police chief Liu Yaohua initially reported early on July 7 that officials had detained roughly 700 people and continued to pursue "about 90 other key suspects," according to a July 7 English-language Xinhua report.
Overseas media have cited sources reporting on widespread security sweeps and mass detentions, including reported mass round-ups of Uyghur men, and some reports indicate detention numbers that would exceed those reported by the Chinese government and Chinese media. Some of the people reported to have been detained appear to have no involvement to either acts of protest or violent activity on July 5. (For more information, see, e.g., a July 6 Radio Free Asia article, a July 11 Telegraph article, July 19 New York Times article, and July 19 Financial Times article.)


Authorities have provided limited information on a small number of detainees or suspects (see, e.g., articles cited above and a list of suspects published in a July 30 Chinese-language Xinhua report), but detailed information about most of the people officially said to remain in detention, including the specific grounds for their detentions, appears to remain unreported. In addition, Chinese media have reported information on the arrest of one man "who allegedly spread rumors used to trigger the Urumqi riots on July 5." According to a July 6 Xinhua report (via China Daily), Kurban Khayum "was arrested for exaggerating the death toll of a factory unrest involving Uygurs in Shaoguan, Guangdong province in June." The article reports that Kurban Khayum was a member of the World Uyghur Congress (WUC)--an organization headed by U.S.-based Uyghur rights advocate Rebiya Kadeer and blamed by Chinese authorities for events on July 5--and that after the WUC told him to "gather intelligence on separatist activities in China by Uygurs and people of other ethnic groups ... in order to carry out activities to split China," he fabricated a report on the number of people killed in Shaoguan. Kurban Khayum wrote to the WUC that "a massive protest should be staged to let the world know about this bloody incident," according to the article. See also an August 6 report from the Beijing Times (via People's Daily). For additional information which challenges the facts of the case as reported by Chinese media, see an August 20 report from the East Turkistan Information Center.


Urumqi Party Secretary Li Zhi said at a press conference on July 8 that authorities would use the death penalty for crimes connected to events on July 5. The Supreme People's Court said in late July that the government and court will take steps to reduce the amount of death sentences in China, according to a July 29 Xinhua report.


For additional information, see a July 13 XUAR Public Security Bureau notice (via Xinhua Xinjiang) on "reporting and exposing criminals" connected to events on July 5.


Official Describes Taking Measures Toward Peaceful Protesters
Although authorities and official media largely refer to all events on July 5 as a "riot" or "violent criminal incident of beating, smashing, looting, and burning," a limited number of sources have reported that a demonstration took place, and a XUAR official appeared to acknowledge that some participants had protested peacefully. (See source cited below. See also a July 19 English-language Xinhua report, via China Daily, citing XUAR government chairperson Nur Bekri referring to a "student demonstration" on July 5.) Some participants may have been detained and subjected to surveillance or possibly arbitrary detention after being released from formal police custody. Nur Bekri said on July 24 that people "unaware of the truth" who "took part in the demonstrations but did not join in the beating, smashing, looting, and burning," along with those "not deeply involved," had been returned to their "work unit," "community," or "permanent place of residence" for "further assistance and education," following "education" while in detention and after they "pledged to repent," according to a July 24 Xinhua report via Ta Kung Pao (cached page) and translation of the Xinhua report via Open Source Center (subscription required). The reference to returning people to work units or communities and subjecting them to "assistance and education" suggests such people may remain under surveillance or supervision, or possibly a form of arbitrary detention. Other protesters, including organizers of the demonstration, may remain subject to criminal punishment. Chinese President Hu Jintao and members of the Communist Party Politburo's Standing Committee met on July 8 and issued a statement on July 9 that the government would "firmly crack down on serious crimes" and target "[i]nstigators, organizers, culprits and violent criminals" involved in the "riot," according to a July 9 Xinhua report, while "[t]hose taking part in the riot due to provocation and deceit by separatists, should be given education." During an August 4 visit to the Urumqi procuratorate, Zhu Hailun, standing committee member and secretary of the politics and law commission in the XUAR Party committee, called for "digging deeply to ferret out the organizers, masterminds, conductors, and core members in these cases," according to an August 12 Xinjiang Daily report (via PDF of hardcopy and translation in Open Source Center, subscription required).


Trials Initially Reported to Begin Mid-August, Adjudicators with "High Proficiency in Policy" Chosen
Although later reports indicated that no trial date had been set as of late August, a July 31 China Daily report paraphrased a source as saying trials would start in mid-August, and that the Urumqi Intermediate People's Court "has been preparing for the hearings." See also a Chinese-language July 28 Xinhua Xinjiang report. Under Article 20 of the PRC Criminal Procedure Law, intermediate people's courts have jurisdiction as the court of first instance over counterrevolutionary cases, cases of endangering state security, "ordinary criminal cases punishable by life imprisonment or the death penalty," and cases involving non-PRC citizens. According to the Xinhua report, the XUAR High People's Court has already selected from courts within the XUAR adjudicators who have "a high proficiency in policy" and "professional spirit." The adjudicators are currently undergoing training on state and XUAR policies and regulations toward events on July 5, as well as on the PRC Constitution, Criminal Law, and other relevant laws, according to the report.


Following the July 5 demonstration in Urumqi, the Party leading group in the Urumqi Intermediate People's Court launched anti-separatism education in the court, as well as in eight district courts in the municipality. The Party leading group called for cadres and police in the courts to carry out the policy deployments of the Party central committee and XUAR government, according to a July 25 People's Court Daily article (via Xinhua Xinjiang).


For more information on events in the XUAR starting July 5, see previous Commission analysis (1, 2). For background information on conditions in the XUAR, see Section VI--Xinjiang in the CECC 2008 Annual Report.

Menbe: http://www.cecc.gov/pages/virtualAcad/index.phpd?showsingle=128326

Germaniyede Namayish Uxturushi


Komunist Xitay Hakimiyiti, qurulghanliqining 60-yilliqini tentene qilwatqan kuni, Sherqiy Turkistan xelqining Komunit Xitay mustemlikige mumtila bolghinigha 60 yil tolghan bir musibet kuni. Uyghur xelqi hich bir waqit Xitay hakimiyitining bu mustemlikisini qobul qilghini we boyun egini yoq. Isiq qanliqi bedilige erkinligi uchun tinimsiz kuresh qilip keldi.
Xitay hakimiyiti 60 yil jeryanida Uyghur xelqining barliq heq-hoquqlirigha tajawus qilip keldi, heqliq kureshlirini qanliq basturup keldi. 5-Iyul qanliq qirghinchiliqi, Xitay hokumitining Sherqiy Turkistanda 60 yildin buyan elip barghan eng tipik qirghinchiliqliridin biridur.


DUQ her yilkige oxshashala, bu yilmu dunyaning herqaysi jayliridiki Sherqiy Turkistan Teshkilatlirini narazliq paaliyetliri elip berishqa chaqirdi. DUQning bu chaqiriqi buyunche, 10-ayning 1-kuni Muyinxende, Yawrupa Sherqiy Turkistan Birligining teshkilishi bilen Namayish elip berildu. bu qetimqi Namayish jeryanida 5-Iyul qanliq qirghinchiliqigha ait resimler korgezme qilinip, Germaniye xelqining 5-Iyul weqesi heqide teximu janliq, eniq melumatlar ige bulushi we ularning diqitini, hisdashliqini qolgha kelturushni mexset qilidu.


shunga Germaniyediki barliq wetendashlarning 10-ayning 1-kuni, Milli Kiyim-Kecheklirimizni kiyip namaysihqa qatnishishini umut qilimiz.


Namayishning bashlinish waxti. 2009-yili 10-ayning 1-kuni, saet: 15.30
Orni: Karlplatz - Stachus in München




hörmet bilen:


Yawrupa Sherqiy Turkistan Birligi

'Qeshqer Taamliri Réstorani'da Partlash Yüz Berdi
Muxbirimiz Irade

2009-09-25

Béyjingning shinjékow rayoni shimaliy kochisidiki"qeshqer taamliri réstorani" da bügün etigen saet 9 din 10 minut ötkende partlash yüz bergen.

AFP Photo


Süret, 25 - Séntebir, béyjingning shinjékow rayoni shimaliy kochisidiki"qeshqer taamliri réstorani" da yüz bergen parttilash weqesidin kéyinki xitay taziliqchi ishchilirining neq meydanni tazilawatqan körünüshi.


Etraptiki kishilerning muxbirlargha bildürüshiche, partlash intayin shiddetlik bolghan bolup, ashxana pütün tüzlinip ketken, etraptiki bashqa dukan we ashxanilarning dérizilirimu chéqilip, oxshimighan derijide zerbige uchrighan.


Emma, béyjing sheherlik jamaet xewpsizlik idarisi bayanatchisi weqede ashxanida ishlewatqan 3 kishi we ashxanining aldidin ötüp kétiwatqan bir qisim kishilerning yarilanghanliqi, yaridarlarning doxturxanigha élip bérilghanliqi we héchbirining hayatigha xewp yetmigenlikini bayan qilghan.


Xewerlerdin melum bolushiche, partlash yüz bergendin kéyin, neq meydangha saqchilar yétip kélip, weqe yüz bergen rayoni derhal qamal qilghan. Saqchilar tekshürüshtin kéyin, partlash yüzbergen xarabiliktiki barliq nersilerni toshup ketken. Uzaq ötmey, taziliqchi xadimlar kélip partlashtin qalghan qalduqlarni tazilighan.


Biz weqe yüz bergen ashxanigha yéqin jayda béyjing jishuyten doxturxanisining barliqini we yaridarlarning bu doxturxanigha élip kélingenlikini uqqandin kéyin, partlash weqesi hem yaridarlarning ehwalini bilip béqish üchün bu doxturxanigha téléfon qilduq.


Téléfonni alghan mesul xadim, özining bu soallargha jawab bérish hoquqining yoqluqini, bizge bu heqte héch nerse dep bérelmeydighanliqini, bizning yuqiri derijilik rehberlerdin sorishimiz kéreklikini éytip soallirimizgha jawab bérishni ret qildi.


U mesul xadim yene, "men peqet yaridarlar bu doxturxanigha élip kélindimu shuni bilip baqmaqchi?" dep sorighinimdimu, u buningghimu jawab bérelmeydighanliqini tekrarlidi. Biz buningdin xitay dairilirining weqege dair barliq uchurlarni we hetta yaridarlarning ehwalinimu qattiq kontrol qiliwatqanliqini chüshenduq.


Xitay saqchi dairiliri partlash weqesining ashxanidiki bir yéqilghu gaz tungining partlap kétishi seweblik kélip chiqqanliqini élan qilghan idi, emma közetküchiler bir gaz tungining bunchilik küchlük partlash peyda qilalmaydighanliqini, buning hergizmu bir addiy gaz tungi partlash weqesi emeslikini ilgiri sürüshmekte.


Dunya uyghur qurultiyi bayanatchisi dilshat rishit ependi bolsa, bu ashxana xojayinining bir hepte burun bir uchum xitay yashlirining tehditige uchrighanliqini, ashxana xojayinining bu ehwalni béyjing saqchi dairilirige xewer qilghanliqini ilgiri sürdi.

Menbe: http://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/tepsili_xewer/beyjingda-partlash-09252009191247.html/story_main?encoding=latin



Yuqiridiki awaz ulinishidin, bu heqtiki melumatimizning tepsilatini anglaysiler.

Bir Xanimning Ürümchide Körgenliri (2)

Muxbirimiz Weli

2009-09-25

Bügün, bir uyghur xanim urumchide buyil 6‏ - Aydin 9‏ - Ayghiche bolghan waqit ichide öz közi bilen körgenlirini we anglap ishengenlirini radiomizgha sözlep berdi.

7 - Iyul ayallar namayishi jeryanida özining tutulup kétishi hetta ölüp kétish éhtimalliqi bar bolghan sharaitta xitay qoralliq saqchiliridin eymenmestin, ulargha öz nepritini ipadilewatqan uyghur qizining körünüshliri, jahannning Uyghurlargha qanchilik qattiqliship ketkenlikini körsütetti. 

Urumchide buyil 6‏ - Ayning 9‏ - Ayghiche bolghan waqit ichide öz közi bilen körgenlirini we anglap ishengenlirini sözlep bergen bu xanim özining kimlikini waqtinche ashkarilimasliqni tapilidi.

Yuqiridiki awaz ulinishidin, bu heqtiki melumatimizning tepsilatini anglaysiler.

Menbe: http://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/tepsili_xewer/urumqide-korgenliri2-09222009191145.html?encoding=latin

Urgent Action: Two Uighur Men at Risk of Torture


Haji Memet and Abdusalam Nasir were detained on 23 September, in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (XUAR) in northwest China, reportedly on suspicion of leaking “state secrets”. The “state secrets” are believed to be related to allegations of torture that led to the death of Shoret Tursun, Haji Memet’s relative. Both men are at risk of torture and other ill-treatment.


Haji Memet is related to Shohret Tursun, who was detained on 6 July in Urumqi, capital of the XUAR. Shohret Tursun died in custody. On 19 September, the police in Lengger (Chinese: Langan) village in Korgas (Chinese: Huocheng) county, Ili (Chinese: Yili) prefecture gave Shohret Tursun’s body to his family, stating that he had suffered a fatal heart attack. According to the family, his chest was covered in bruises and his legs, stomach and back were scarred and cut. Shohret Tursun's family believes he died as a result of torture.


They refused to bury the body immediately as requested by the police and called for an investigation. Radio Free Asia, quoting unnamed villagers, reported that the family home was surrounded on 19 September by eight truck loads of soldiers and two armed vehicles, who prevented villagers from visiting the family.


Soldiers forcibly entered the family’s home on 19 September and threatened to bury Shohret Torsun if the family did not do so themselves. The family then buried Shohret Tursun on Sunday 20 September. Abdusalam Nasir was involved in performing the burial rites. According to Radio Free Asia, Shohret Tursun’s father used Abdusalam Nasir mobile phone before the burial to call Radio Free Asia, which then published the allegations of torture on 19 September.


There has been a heavy police presence in the village since the burial of Shohret Tursun as the police have been investigating who is the source for Radio Free Asia, regarding information on Shohret Tursun’s case. They are said to still be searching for a third, unnamed person.


Take Action: Please write immediately:


- Demand the authorities immediately and unconditionally release Haji Mamat and Abdusalam Nasir, unless they are charged with an internationally recognizable criminal offence;


- Demand they are not tortured or otherwise ill-treated while they remain in custody;


- Call on the authorities to ensure they have access to their family and legal counsel of their choice;


- Urge the authorities to conduct an independent and impartial investigation into the allegations that Shohret Tursun’s death in custody was as a result of torture, with a view of bringing those guilty to justice.


Write To:


Chairman of the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Regional People's Government
Nur BEKRI Zhuxi
Xinjiang Weiwuer Zizhiqu Renmin Zhengfu,2 Zhongshanlu,
Wulumuqishi, 830041
Xinjiang Weiwuer Zizhiqu
People's Republic of China
Email: master@xinjiang.gov.cn
Salutation: Dear Chairman


Background Information:


Shohret Tursun was one of some 40 people from Korgas who were detained around at the time of the July riots in Urumqi, the regional capital. According to his father, quoted by Radio Free Asia, he was transferred to Ili on 18 July and further on to Korgas on 23 July.


All over China, tight security measures are in place as the country prepares to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the establishment of the People’s Republic of China on 1 October 1949. These include checkpoints on all roads leading to Beijing and suspension of postal services for liquids. Many human rights activists are being silenced to ensure celebrations proceed according to the authorities plan and thousands of people have been detained in “strike hard” anti-crime campaigns. The authorities have again stopped issuing travel permits to foreigners to the Tibetan Autonomous Region, and in the XUAR, the recent riots have only added to the heavy security.


Following the July unrest in the XUAR the authorities have detained thousands, reportedly brought dozens to trial, and threatened those involved in the unrest with harsh sentences. The authorities have interpreted all signs of dissent as stemming from “terrorist” or “separatist” activities, justifying their harsh crackdown while ignoring deep-rooted sources of the discontent. Authorities claim that the July unrest was orchestrated by organizations operating outside China including the World Uyghur Congress whose current president is Rebiya Kadeer, former prisoner of conscience. Eye-witness accounts received by Amnesty International contradict government accounts of the events of July, and suggest excessive use of force on the part of the authorities resulting in injury and deaths.


A recently concluded meeting of the Chinese Communist Party Central Committee vowed to "effectively prevent and resolutely crack down on ethnicity-related separatist activities" and to institutionalize measures to combat corruption.


Over recent years the Chinese authorities have increasingly used vaguely-worded provisions in the Criminal Law to curtail freedom of expression. These include "disturbing public order" and "endangering state security", which includes, among others, "subversion of state power", "separatism" and "leaking state secrets". The definition of "state secrets" is very broad and arbitrary, and can be retroactive and hence open to misuse: people charged with these crimes are often deprived of many rights, including access to legal counsel of their choosing, access to family and a public trial. Rebiya Kadeer, for example, was convicted on charges of “leaking state secrets”. The verdict of her trial describes the "secret information" as copies of the publicly available newspapers, Kashgar Daily, Xinjiang Legal News, Yili Daily and Yili Evening News, that she sent to her husband in the USA.

Menbe: http://www.amnesty.ca/blog_post2.php?id=1195#more

Hazdar Uyghur Bügün

Apturi: Muhemmetjan Rashidin



Hazdar bughda bügün, baghrida her jan hazidar,
yash töküp qeshqer, ili, yighlaydu turpan hazidar,
men qumulni aylinip chiqsam xiyalen bu seher,
qayghuda pütkül sheher, sehrada déhqan hazidar.


Baqqa kirsengla gödekler, unda kölmenglar lékin.
Ehli gül matemdidur, tamami reyhan hazdar.
Maysa-sumbul jim bolushsa,weji kechküzdin démeng,
newqaranla ketti uchup shunglashqa bustan hazdar.
Tulghinip értish , ili, tarim, tümen deryasimu,
aqti hesret ilkide,baghrida qan-qan hazdar.



Menbe: http://www.uyghuramerican.org/forum/showthread.php?t=17801

Uyghur People and Tocharian

Tocharian, or Tokharian, is one of the most obscure branches of the Indo-European languages and was only discovered by chance in archaeological expeditions to Chinese Turkestan in the early 20th century, when discoveries of amazing art treasures and ancient culture along the old silk road sparked great international interest in the area. Based on Old Turkic manuscripts which referred to these speakers as the "Twghry," they were labelled as the Tocharoi, a tribe mentioned in classical Greek writings as having lived in Bactria (eastern Iran and Afghanistan) during the second century after Christ.

In fact, the discovery of the language has ruffled a few linguistic feathers because it has thrown a wrench into many neat theories concerning the development of Indo-European languages. It seems that some group of people within Europe splintered off and migrated east, developing sounds and characteristics in their language which disrupt many of the long standing academic theories about the language family.

Phonetically, Tocharian is a "centum" Indo-European language generally associated with western languages such as Italic, Celtic, Germanic, and Greek, making it a unique splinter among the East European and Asian populations. It is now generally believed that this splinter group began a very early migration around 2000BC, but because few records were found (what was preserved was thanks mostly to the extremely arid climate of the Tarim Basin), this is open to conjecture.

One theory postulates that the original home of the Proto-Tocharians was somewhere on the steppes of southern Russia, hence bordered on the west and south by the Thraco-Phrygians, the Armenians and the Greeks; on the west and north by the Germans and the Balto-Slavs, in close proximity to the Finno-Ugrians on the east and north.

Left: discovery of ancient Tocharic script.

This Finno-Ugrian relation has kindled interest among Hungarian scholars in search of romantic roots to their own past, but who have so far failed to unearth anything concrete.

An alternative analysis by a Slavic linguist, who cites phonological, morphological, and lexical similarities between Tocharian and Balto-Slavic, argues that "at some very remote time, the ancestors of the Germanic tribes, the Balto-Slavs, and the Tocharians formed a Northern Indo-European dialect group which split from the common language family at a very early stage and later (probably during the 4th milleium B.C.) dissolved into Germanic-Balto-Slavic and Tocharian."

As the Tocharians migrated eastward, their language was influenced (mostly in the form of loan words, above all concerning religious terminology) by Iranian and Sanskrit due to missionaries from Iran and India who brought Buddhism to the Tocharians. In fact, it is generally believed that the Tocharians were highly instrumental in spreading the Buddhist faith eastwards and to the later migrating Turkic population.

Before it became extinct in 840 AD, it used to consist of two languages (dubbed 'A' and 'B' but which were not intercomprehensible) spoken during the 6th to 9th centuries in what is now referred to as Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China.

Concerning the two languages, academics concluded that dialect A was a purely liturgical language in the monasteries of the east, and had been so preserved for several centuries at least, for a long time ceasing to be a language of the ordinary citizen due to Turkic immigration into the area. On the other hand, Tocharian B was clearly the vernacular of a comparatively rich and flourishing culture (to the west and better protected by the mountains and the desert from the influence of the Turks). It is very likely that B was also the language of everyday monastery life in the east, existing side by side with the liturgical form of A. The two Tocharian dialects have gone through a long period of independent development, anywhere from five hundred to a thousand years, until they became mutually unintelligible.

The exact date of arrival by the Tocharians into Central Asia is not exactly known, but their culture seemed to last until 1000AD, after which they were assimilated into the growing Turkic population in the area.

This area where the splinter group decided to settle, the Tarim Basin in what is now northwest China , has had a long and bloody history sandwiched on the frontiers of east and west civilisations between Turkish Islamic and eastern Buddhist empires. Inevitably, such a small group could not survive long in such a hotbed of activity and the language died out after 840AD when the Uyghurs (who, ironically, may be partially descendant from the Tocharians) were expelled from Mongolia by the Kyrgyz and who retreated to the Tarim Basin, a theory supported by the discovery of translations of Tocharian texts into Uyghur.

The Uyghurs themselves were a great empire, probably benefiting from the prosperity of the silk road. Their story is of an obscure nomadic tribe from the Altai mountains who stood up against the Chinese to eventually become diplomats of the Mongol invasion. At the peak of their empire they covered a great expanse encompassing what is now a large part of Kazakhstan, Russia, China, and all of Mongolia.

Right: The expanse of the Uyghur empire at its peak.


The modern Uyghur population now found in the Tarim Basin are said to be descendants of the nomadic Turkic tribes (the Turks ruling the area for a thousand years), the Tocharians who lived there, and those Uyghurs who left Mongolia (the combination of which would explain why one can now find Uyghurs of light-coloured skin and hair). Over the years the region was swamped by various wars and tidal changes of power between east (from a lengthy Manchu domination) and west; between Buddhist and Islam forces. At present the Uyghurs are under control of the Chinese in an area called Xinjiang Autonomous Region of China. Xinjiang means "New Dominion" in Chinese and is offensive to the local population, who would rather their area be called Chinese Turkestan, East Turkestan (with Turkestan sometimes spelled as Turkistan), Uyghiristan or Uyghurstan. Since 9/11 the Chinese have used the "war on terror" as a pretext to further repress any greater separatist notions of the local population, although they have respected their Islamic roots and not subjected them to the Chinese one child per family policy, since Islamic culture generally expects larger families. #

Source: http://001yourtranslationservice.com/translations/jobs/Tocharian.html

'Xitayning Rabiye Xanimgha Qarshi Hujumliri Üzlüksiz Meghlup Bolmaqta'
Muxbirimiz Ekrem
2009-09-24

10 - Ayning 14 - Künidin 19 - Künigiche gérmaniyining frankifurt shehride ötküzilidighan xelqaraliq kitab yermenkisige d u q reisi rabiye qadir xanimmu teklip qilinghan.

Bu munasiwet bilien, xitay metbuatliri aldinqi künliri maqalilar élan qilip, gérmaniye hökümitidin rabiye xanimning bu yermenkige qatnashturulmasliqini telep qilghan we eksiche bolghanda, ikki dölet otturisidiki munasiwetke tesir yétidighanliqini eskertip, gérmaniye terepke bésim ishlitishke urunghan.


D u q muawin reisi esqerjan ependining bildürüshiche, bu qétimqi yermenkide xitay terep sherep méhmini salahiyiti bilen qatnishidighan bolup, her yili birla döletke bérilidighan bu imtiyazgha érishken xitay hökümiti öz hoquqidin paydilinip, rabiye qadir xanimning paaliyetlirini cheklesh üchün qolidin kélidighanliki wasitilerni ishqa sélishqa bashlighan.


Esqerjan ependi, xitay terepning rabiye xanimning bu qétimqi yermenkige qatnishishini chekliyelmeydighanliqini, rabiye xanimning bu yerdiki paaliyetlirining yalghuz yermenkige qatnishish bilenla tügimeydighanliqini we bezi muhim siyasiy paaliyetler bilenmu shughullinidighanliqini tekitlidi.


Esqerjan ependi yene, bir qanche yillardin buyan xitay hökümitining barliq chare - Amallar bilen rabiye xanimning paaliyetlirini chekleshke urunup kelgen bolsimu, axirqi hésabta p meghlup bolghanliqini tilgha élip, axirqi bir nechche ay ichide yüz bergen weqelerni eslitip ötti.


U yene, xelqaraliq bir mesile haligha kélip bolghan uyghurlar mesilisini chekleshke emdi xitayning qurbiti yetmeydighanliqini, gherb démokratik ellirining uyghurlarning dewasini qollawatqanliqi we qoghdawatqanliqini tekitlidi.

Menbe: http://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/tepsili_xewer/xitay-yengilmekte-09242009200528.html/story_main?encoding=latin


Yuqiridiki awaz ulinishidin, bu heqtiki melumatimizning tepsilatini anglaysiler.

Chetelde Oquwatqan Bir Uyghur Qizining Öz Yurtida Béshigha Kelgenliri



Muxbirimiz Erkin Tarim


2009-09-24
Uyghur diyaridin türkiyige chiqip oqush 1980 - Yillarning axirida bashlighan bolup, bügüngiche türkiyide oqughan uyghur oqughuchilarning sani 500 etrapida iken. Türkiyide oquwatqan uyghur oqughuchilarning köpi her yili dégüdek tuqqan yoqlap öz yurtigha qaytishidu.

Süret, 10 - Iyul, jüme küni, medine isimlik 26 yashlik uyghur sodiger ayal, jümedin yanghan jamaetni bashlap namyish qiliwatqan körünüsh.

Ularning éytishiche, türkiyidin barghan uyghur oqughuchilar ürümchi ayrodurumigha kirgendila soraqqa tartilghili bashlap, ata - Anisining öyige barghandin kéyinmu saqchi idarisi we bixeterlik organliri teripidin soraqqa tartilidiken.


Ismini ashkarilashni xalimighan hazir türkiyide melum bir uniwérsitétta oquwatqan bir uyghur qiz, bu yil 5 - Iyul weqesidin burun öz yurtigha ata - Anisini körgili barghanda béshigha her türlük ishslar kelgen . U, öz yurtida bésim körgendin kéyin barghanliqigha pushayman bolup qaytip kelgen.


U bizge chetelge chiqip 5 yildin kéyin öz yurtigha qaytip bir insan üchün erkinlikning qanchilik muhim ikenlikini yene bir qétim chüshinip yetkenlikini, öz xelqining hazirqi haligha qattiq échinghanliqini éytip, öz kechürmüshlirini sözlep berdi.


Menbe: http://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/tepsili_xewer/bir-qizning-weten-kechurmishliri-09242009200524.html/story_main?encoding=latin

Yuqiridiki awaz ulinishidin, bu heqtiki melumatimizning tepsilatini anglaysiler.

Xitay, Uyghur Rayonida Ishqa Orunlishish Adaletsizlikini Tügitish Heqqide Höjjet Chiqardi



Muxbirimiz Shohret Hoshur


2009-09-24


Uyghur rayonluq hökümet bügün, ishqa orunlashturush xizmitini ilgiri sürüsh heqqide mexsus hüjjet tarqatqan. Höjjette, ishqa orunlashturush xizmitide köz qarashni özgertish we ishqa orunlashturushta adaletlik bolush telep qilinghan.

 Uyghur rayonining muawin reisi erkin tuniyaz, tünügün mezkur höjjetning rohini chüshendürüp, bu xizmetke orunlashturush xizmitidiki bösüsh xarektirlik siyaset dep uqturghan we her derijilik partiye hökümet organlirini mezkur höjjetning rohini estayidil ijra qilishqa chaqirghan.


Mezkur höjjette, uyghur rayonidiki karxanilar, qurulush we mulazimet orunliri yéngidin ishchi qobul qilghanda, az dégende 50%ning shinjangliq bolushi telep qilinghan. Bu höjjetning 1 - Öktebirdin étibaren emeliyleshtürülüshi telep qilinghan. Emma shinjangliq dep körsitilgen kishilerning, uyghur rayonidiki xitay nopusinimu öz ichige élip almaydighanliqi eskertilmigen. Höjjette, adalet mesilisi tilgha élinghinigha qarighanda, bu nuqtida uyghurlarmu közde tutuliwatqan bolushi mumkin.


Musteqil tetqiqatchi ilham toxti, uyghurlarda ishsizliq nisbitining dunya boyiche birinchi orunda turidighanliqini, bu mesile téz bir terep qilinmisa, uyghur rayonida muqimliqning képillikke ige bolalmaydighanliqini, hetta éghir tragidiyilik weqelerning yüz bérip qélish éhtimalliqini, uyghur rayonluq hökümet we merkizi hökümetke her xil yollar bilen köp qétim melum qilghan, emma xitay hökümiti uni bu pikirliri üchün nezerbend astigha alghan we tehdit salghan idi.


Emdilikte, xitayning ilham toxti qatarliq mutexesislerning teklip - Pikirlirini qobul qilishqa mejbur bolghanliqi bilinmekte. Emma bu qobul qilishning, 5 ‏ - Iyul weqesidin kéyin, yeni 200 din artuq kishi ölgendin kéyin yüz bérishi diqqet nuqtisi bolmaqta. Uyghurbiz torbétidiki bezi pikir bayan qilghuchilar, höjjetning peqet nöwettiki weziyetni peseytish üchünla chiqirilghan quruq qeghez ikenlikini bayan qilishmaqta. Eslide uyghur rayonidiki zawut karxanilargha ishchi - Xizmetchi qobul qilghanda, yerlik xelqni asas qilish telipi yéngi bir telep emes؛ bu aptonomiye qanunidimu éniq belgülengen, biraq ijra qilinmighan؛ bu qétimqi höjjet, uyghur rayonida yüz bergen achchiq bir sawaqtin kéyin chiqqanliqi üchün, höjjetning emeliyliship qélish éhtimalliqimu perez qilinmaqta.


Bügün "uyghur biz" torbétide, musteqil tetqiqatchi ilham toxtining mezkur höjjet heqqidiki pikirlirige yer bérilgen. Ilham toxti bu nuqtida, uyghur rayonluq hökümetni alqishlighan؛ bolupmu höjjettiki chaqiriqlarning burunqi höjjetlerdikidek, abistrakt we müjimel emes, belki éniq we konkért ikenlikini medhiyiligen. Ilham toxti sözide bu mesilining yalghuz chaqiriq bilenla hel bolmaydighanliqini, mesilini közitidighan we nazaret qilidighan organlarningmu qurulushi kéreklikini, undaq bolmighanda yenila qeghez yüzidiki wedige aylinip qalidighanliqini eskertken.


Xitay hökümiti 5 - Iyul weqesini dölet ichi - Sirtidiki 3 xil küchlerning keltürüp chiqarghanliqini ilgiri sürgen idi. Buninggha qayil bolmighan xitay ichi - Sirtidiki bir qisim mutexessisler, xitayni weqening kélip chiqish sewebini öz siyasitidin izdeshke chaqirghan we uyghurlarning iqtisadiy hayatta chetke qéqilishining bu qétimqi weqening asasliq sewebi ikenlikini körsetken idi.


Mezkur höjjet, xitaygha yuqarqi chaqiriqiqlarning azdur - Köptur tesir qilghanliqidin bisharet bermekte. Emma höjjette, shinjangliq dep körsitilgen kishilerning uyghur rayonidiki xitay nopusini öz ichige élip almaydighanliqini eskertmesliki, höjjetni ijra qilmighanliqlargha qarita héchqandaq jazalash charisining otturigha qoyulmasliqi, bu qétimqi höjjetning yenila ötkünchi shuar bolup qalidighanliqi dair guman peyda qilmaqta.


Menbe: http://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/tepsili_xewer/uyghur-elidiki-ishsizliq-09242009200501.html/story_main?encoding=latin

Birleshken döletler teshkilatining omumi yighini dwamlashmaqta



Muxbirimiz Irade


2009-09-24


Amérikining nyu-York shehiride échilghan birleshken döletler teshkilatining omumiy yighini pütün dunyaning diqqitini tartmaqta. Gerche yighinning asasiy kün tertipi dunyadiki klimat özgirish mesilisi we buninggha qarita jiddiy tedbir élishni muzakire qilish bolsimu, emma yighinda yadro qoralliri we térrorizm muhim mesilisimu téma bolup qaldi.

Birleshken döletler teshkilati omumiy yighinida tunji qétim söz qilghan amérika prézidénti barak obamaning nutqi alahide diqqet tartti, pütün dunya metbuatliri obamaning sözlirige keng orun berdi. U sözide dunyagha tehdit qiliwatqan ortaq xewpler bilen küresh qilishta pütün döletlerning mesuliyiti barliqini tekitlep, döletlerni öz- Ara hemkarliqqa chaqirdi. U, "amérika döliti bolush süpitimiz bilen xelqara jemiyet bilen birlikte heriket qilimiz. Emma bashqa döletlerningmu buninggha küch chiqirishini ümid qilimiz," dédi.


Obama pütün dunya xelqi üchün güzel bir kélechek yaritish üchün qilishqa tégishlik ishlarni 4 nuqtigha yighinchaqlap turup sözlidi. Bular yadro qoralliridin waz kéchish, tinchliq hem xewpzhlikni tekitlesh, muhitni qoghdash we hemme döletlerge ortaq béyish pursiti bérish.


Obama sözide yene, burun amérikining dunya mesililiride öz béshimchiliq qildi dep eyibleydighanlarning emdi hemme mesilini amérika bir terep qilidu, dep qol qoshturup qarap turalmasliqini we birlikte heriket qilidighan waqtining yétip kelgenlikini tekitlidi.

Amérika prézidénti barak obama birleshken döletler teshkilatining omumiy yighinida qilghan sözide yene dunyaning tinchliqi mesilisi üstidimu toxtaldi: "radikal küchler dunyada térror peyda qilmaqta. Irqiy qirghinchiliq, urush jinayetliri, ériwatqan ikki qutup muzliri we zulum körüwatqan xelqler, yoqsullar, késellikler... Pütün bu mesililer bizning ortaq halda hel qilishimizni kütüp turmaqta. Biz qanchilik küchlük bolsaq bolayli, biraq, yuqiriqidek mesililerni yalghuz hel qilalaydighan küchke ige emes. Yighin zalida olturghanlar hemmimiz perqliq döletlerdin kelduq. Emma hemmimizni ortaq bir kélechek kütüp turmaqta."


Obama sözide bundin kéyin dunya mesililirini hel qilishta birleshken döletler teshkilati téximu emeliy we téximu aktip rol oynaydighan yéngi bir dewrning bashlinidighanliqini éytti.


Liwan prézdinti muammer kaddafimu 40 yilliq hakimiyiti jeryanida tunji qétim bu omumiy yighingha qatnashti we söz qildi we yighindiki diqqet tartqan kishilerdin biri bopqaldi. Uning sözlirimu metbuatlarda keng orun aldi. Kaddafi sözide birleshken döletler teshkilatining xewpsizlik kéngishining besh daimiy ezasini qattiq tenqidlidi. U amérika, rusiye, xitay, engiliye we firansiye qatarliq döletlerdin terkib tapqan mezkur 5 daimiy eza döletni öz kömichige chogh tartish bilen eyiplidi hem mezkur 5 eza döletning hoquqini öz menpeeti üchün ishletkenlikini ilgiri sürdi.


Xitaymu bu 5 daimiy ezaning birsi bolghanliqi üchün uyghur we tibetlerning insan heq - Hoquqlirining depsende qiliniwatqanliqi heqqide xitayni eyibleydighan qararlarning chiqishimu bu seweblik tosalghugha uchrap kelgenliki hemmimizge melum bolsa kérek.


Kaddafi sözide, bu 5 daimiy ezaning qolidiki ret qilish hoquqining élip tashlinishi kéreklikini éytip, ret qilish hoquqining birleshken döletler teshkilatining shertnamisige xilap ikenlikini, kichik- Chong barche döletlerning teng barawer bolushi kéreklikini ipadilidi. Liwan prézidénti muammer kaddafi sözide yene birleshken döletler teshkilatining 1945 - Yilidin béri chiqqan urushlarning aldini élishtimu körünerlik rol oyniyalmighanliqini ilgiri sürdi.


«"Xujintawning sözlirining güldüri bar yamghuri yoq"


Xitay dölet bashliqi xujitawmu yighinda söz qilip, dunyaning tinchliqi üchün küch chiqiridighanliqi we dunya klimat özgirishi mesilisini bir terep qilish üchün heriket qilidighanliqigha dair wede berdi.


B b s ning bu heqtiki xewiridin melum bolushiche, xelqaradiki muhim metubatlar xujintawning yighinda qilghan sözlirige "güldüri bar yamghuri yoq" dep tebir bergen. Ular xitayning dawamliq klimatni yaxshilaydighanliqigha dair chong wedilerni bérip kelgenlikini emma emeliy ish qilishqa kelgende bolsa wedilirini untup qalidighanliqini bayan qilghan.


Yighinning kün tertiplirige binaen prézidént obama bilen xitay dölet bashliqi xujintawmu bir arigha kelgen. Xewerlerde déyilishiche, obama xu jintaw bilen élip barghan uchrishishda erkin soda mesilisini tekitligen. Emma xujintaw bolsa ikki dölet munasiwitidiki sezgür mesililerni bir terep qilishni tekitligen. Xujintaw amérika bilen heqiqi ünümlük we aktip bir munasiwet ornitishni arzu qilidighanliqini ipade qilghan.

Melum bolushiche, ikki terep söhbette iran we shimaliy koriyining yadro mesilisinimu muzakire qilghan. Xitay terep uchrishishta yene ikki dölet arisida soghuqchiliq peyda qilghan aptomobil balonliri mesilisinimu otturigha qoyup amérikining bajni éliwétishini telep qilghan.


Közetküchiler bu yighinning intayin muhim ikenlikini, klimat özgirish mesilisi we dunya tinchliqining ilgiri sürülüsh qedemlirining bésilishida muhim ehmiyetke ige ikenlikini bildürüshmekte. Emma ular yene buning üchün eza döletlerning choqum chiqqan qararlargha emel qilishi we bu yosunda ish qilishi kéreklikinimu alahide tekitleshmekte.


Source: http://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/tepsili_xewer/bdt-yighini-dawamlishiwatidu-09242009200516.html/story_main?encoding=latin

Two Held for Leaks



2009-09-23


Police in China are seeking a third Uyghur man for allegedly leaking information about a death in custody.



HONG KONG—Authorities in China’s remote and restive Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region have detained two ethnic minority Uyghur men and are searching for a third for allegedly leaking information related to the death in police custody of a man from their village, sources said.



Police detained Haji Memet, 35, and Abdusalam Nasir, 33, early Sept. 23 in Lengger [in Chinese, Langan] village, Qorghas county [in Chinese, Huocheng] county, Ili prefecture, according to two witnesses, who said a third man was also being sought for questioning.

Both spoke on condition of anonymity for fear of government reprisals.



“Their families are so afraid,” one witness said. “They’re afraid the men will be tortured.”

 Local police couldn’t immediately be reached for comment.






Standoff over burial


Memet is related to Shohret Tursun, whose badly bruised and disfigured body was released to his relatives Saturday—prompting a standoff between authorities who wanted him buried immediately and family members who refused and demanded an inquiry.




Abdusalam Nasir, a villager, helped wash Tursun’s body before the burial, which authorities forced the family to hold on Sunday.


Nasir gave his mobile phone to Tursun’s father, Tursun Ishan, who spoke to Radio Free Asia (RFA) about his son’s death and his family’s demand for an autopsy.




Both Memet and Nasir were arrested on Jan. 25, 1997, on charges of “splittism.” They served eight and six years in jail, respectively.




On Saturday, one villager said, eight trucks of soldiers and two other armed vehicles surrounded Tursun’s family home after the family refused to bury him as instructed without an inquiry.




“We locked the door of the room where we keep the body, but the police officers broke the lock,” Tursun Ishan said in an interview. “There were too many…”




“They told me that he had a heart attack. But it was a lie. It is a lie. My son never had a medical problem in his life,” Ishan said.

“His body was full of wounds and bruises—his legs, belly, and back were covered with wounds and scars. His chest was full of bruises.”


July clashes


Tursun, a member of the Uyghur ethnic minority and the father of a two-year-old, was among some 40 men from Qorghas detained around the time of deadly protests July 5 in the regional capital, Urumqi, villagers said.


The protests by Uyghurs, a largely Muslim Turkic people, followed alleged official mishandling of earlier ethnic clashes in far-away Guangdong province.


The July 5 protest sparked days of deadly rioting in Urumqi, pitting Uyghurs against majority Han Chinese and ending with a death toll of almost 200, by the government’s tally.


Tursun was detained July 6 in Urumqi. He was transferred to Ili on July 18 and Qorghas on July 23, his father said.


Uyghurs say they have long suffered ethnic discrimination, oppressive religious controls, and continued poverty and joblessness despite China's ambitious plans to develop its vast northwestern frontier.


Xinjiang is a strategically crucial vast desert territory that borders Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India.


The region has abundant oil reserves and is China's largest natural gas-producing region.




Original reporting by Shohret Hoshur for RFA’s Uyghur service. Translation from the Uyghur by Zubeyre Shemshidin. Uyghur service director: Dolkun Kamberi. Written and produced for the Web in English by Sarah Jackson-Han.


Source: http://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/leak-09232009134238.html



Copyright © 1998-2009 Radio Free Asia. All rights reserved.

UAA expresses concern over Shaoguan indictments



For immediate release
September 24, 2009, 12:00 pm EST
Contact: Uyghur American Association +1 (202) 349 1496




Uyghur The Uyghur American Association (UAA) believes that the indictment of only eleven Han Chinese suspects involved in an attack on Uyghur workers at a toy factory in Shaoguan, Guangdong indicates a favorable approach in civil unrest cases toward ethnic Han Chinese by Chinese criminal and judicial authorities.


A report released by Xinhua, the Chinese government’s official news agency, on September 23, 2009 stated that the eleven suspects had been indicted “for intentional injury and group affray”. UAA believes that the number of suspects indicted and the nature of the charges do not correspond to the severity of the incident at Shaoguan. UAA also believes that charges of murder or attempted murder should be brought against suspects known to have been involved in the beating of Uyghurs at Shaoguan.


In a statement, Uyghur democracy leader, Rebiya Kadeer said: “These indictments and the official rhetoric emanating from China on civil unrest illustrate a clear case of double standards by Chinese authorities. Peaceful Uyghur dissent is labeled separatism or terrorism, is punished severely, often with the death penalty, and is blamed on overseas hostile forces; however, when Han Chinese mobs attack and kill Uyghurs, the incidents are called ‘brawls’ and punished lightly. China must protect all of its citizens, Han Chinese and Uyghur. Only when this happens, will Uyghurs feel secure enough to engage in a dialogue with the Chinese government on Uyghur concerns.”


On June 29, 2009, UAA reported the mob killing of Uyghur workers and the injuring of many workers at a toy factory in Guangdong Province in the early morning hours of Friday, June 26, 2009. According to official Chinese media, an ethnic brawl at a factory in the city of Shaoguan left two Uyghur workers dead and 118 workers injured. According to some news reports, the majority of the injured were Uyghurs. However, unconfirmed reports indicated that more Uyghurs were killed than the two reported in the official media and that the “brawl” was in fact a massive mob attack.
In the UK Guardian newspaper, Jonathan Watts reported[1] an interview with a Han Chinese man involved in the Shaoguan killings, who stated that he personally “helped to kill seven or eight Uighurs, battering them until they stopped screaming.” The eyewitness added that the death toll could be around 30, a figure which tallies with reports received by UAA from workers at the toy factory in calls to the UAA office.


The inadequate response of Chinese criminal and judicial authorities to the Shaoguan killings prompted many Uyghurs to demonstrate peacefully in Urumchi, the regional capital of East Turkestan, on July 5, 2009. At the July 5, 2009 protest mostly young men and women, some of whom carried the flag of the People’s Republic of China, assembled and marched peacefully toward Urumchi’s People’s Square. The demonstrators asked for an investigation into the Shaoguan killings and expressed sympathy with the families of those killed and injured in Shaoguan. Protestors also asked to meet with government officials but none came out to meet with them.


On July 5, 2009, and on the days that followed, a number of innocent Uyghurs and Han Chinese were killed in violent unrest which engulfed Urumchi. However, since the unrest the Chinese government has conducted a crackdown on Uyghurs in which, according to a July 19, 2009 Financial Times report[2], more than 4,000 Uyghurs have been arrested. There is no information on the number of Han Chinese detained for their part in violence on July 6-7, 2009 against the Uyghur community in Urumchi.


UAA believes that the lenient Shaoguan indictments and the fierce crackdown on Uyghurs in East Turkestan in the wake of the Urumchi unrest demonstrate that Chinese laws are applied arbitrarily, and that the Chinese government systematically and institutionally discriminates against Uyghurs. UAA also believes the unequal application of Chinese law has contributed to the boldness of Han Chinese mobs to attack and kill Uyghurs not only in mainland China, but also in East Turkestan.
In a report[3] issued by Reuters, an eyewitness stated that during a protest in Urumchi on September 3, 2009 Han Chinese beat Uyghurs, as well as destroyed Uyghur-owned businesses. A Uyghur, who was suspected of carrying out one of a recent spate of alleged syringe stabbings, was beaten so severely that he was taken to the hospital.


UAA asserts that such unequal application of Chinese law pushes further away the prospect of genuine dialogue between Han Chinese and Uyghurs and that the rule of law is fundamental to the resolution of Uyghur concerns. UAA calls on the international community, particularly the United States, the European Community and the European Union, to question Chinese officials on the Chinese government’s record toward non-Han Chinese in the People’s Republic of China, and to seek from the Chinese government a guarantee that it will initiate dialogue with leaders of non-Han Chinese communities.

Source: http://www.uyghuramerican.org//articles/3743/1/UAA-expresses-concern-over-Shaoguan-indictments/index.html